Without Meaning
/wɪðˈaʊt/Definition, CEFR level A1, pronunciation, examples, and quiz.
Listen pronunciation
Definition
advOutside, externally.
advLacking something; failing.
Sentence Examples
I learned to live without her.
I can't live without a TV.
They had gone two days without food.
CEFR Practice Quiz
She claimed she couldn't live ____ her morning coffee each day.
CEFR Practice Quiz (Alternate)
I cannot finish the work ____ your help, so please assist me with these several many difficult and boring tasks today.
Word Origin & History
From Middle English withoute, withouten, from Old English wiþūtan (literally “against the outside of”). Compare Dutch buiten (“outside of, without”), Danish uden (“without”), Swedish utan (“without”), Norwegian uten (“without”). By surface analysis, with- + out. Superseded non-native Middle English sauns, sans (“without”), from Old French sans, sanz, senz (“without”). Compare typologically Proto-Slavic *bez (“without”) (<+ Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs (“out”)).
Literary Quotations & Historical Citations
"And as each and all of them were warmed without by the sun, so each had a private little sun for her soul to bask in; some dream, some affection, some hobby, at least some remote and distant hope which, though perhaps starving to nothing, still lived on, as hopes will."
— 1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, volume 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., page 18:
"Strange silence here: without, the sounding street
Heralds the world's swift passage to the fire"
— 1900, Ernest Dowson, Benedictio Domini, lines 13–14:
"I knew that someone had entered the house cautiously from without."
— 1904, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez, Norton, published 2005, page 1100:
"The feeling seemed to come not from without, but from within each body, as though every person had become a vibrating string."
— 2016, Liu Cixin, translated by Ken Liu, Death's End, Tor, translation of 死神永生, →ISBN, page 236:
"Communication is a kind of beauty, he said – and “beauty manifests itself from the noun itself, without strawberries on the cake.”"
— 2019 September 24, Jessie Yeung, “Pope Francis loves nouns but is ‘allergic’ to adjectives”, in CNN, archived from the original on 27 Sep 2019:
Explore More A1 Vocabulary Words
CEFR Practice Quiz
She claimed she couldn't live ____ her morning coffee each day.
CEFR Practice Quiz (Alternate)
I cannot finish the work ____ your help, so please assist me with these several many difficult and boring tasks today.