Quinine Meaning

/kwɪˈniːn/
B2

Definition, CEFR level B2, pronunciation, examples, and quiz.

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nounAn alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it.

verbTo treat (someone) with quinine.

Tonic water contains quinine.
That drug is a derivative of quinine.
CEFR Practice Quiz
To treat his malaria, the doctor prescribed a bitter medicine called ____.
CEFR Practice Quiz (Alternate)
The bitter taste of tonic water comes from ____, which was originally used to treat malaria.

The noun is either: * derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or * borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)). Spanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”). The verb is derived from the noun.

"The alkali of yellow bark may be distinguished from cinchonine by the name of quinine." — 1821, The Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and the Arts, volume 10:
"The quinine, being more potent than cinchonine, is generally preferred." — 1828, The Medical Guide, Quinine, cinchonine, and sulphate of quinine:
"In spite of quinine, the men sickened day by day. Many of them, fine, strong, active fellows, who had never known what a day's sickness meant, went down before the malarious mist that gathered in the jungles." — 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 102:
"He hadn't the faintest idea what to do with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose." — 1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days, London: W[illiam] Collins Sons & Co., →OCLC:
"“Die? Yes, they’ll all die—all these men. No bandages, no salves, no quinine, no chloroform. Oh, God, for some morphia! Just a little morphia for the worst ones. Just a little chloroform. God damn the Yankees! God damn the Yankees!”" — 1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, published June 1944, →OCLC, part IV, page 363:

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CEFR Practice Quiz
To treat his malaria, the doctor prescribed a bitter medicine called ____.
CEFR Practice Quiz (Alternate)
The bitter taste of tonic water comes from ____, which was originally used to treat malaria.

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